PRIMRE/Databases/Projects Database/Devices/RED-Stack Blue Energy

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RED-Stack Blue Energy

REDstack B.V. takes its name from the technology called RED (Reverse ElectroDialysis) and its practical implementation with a stack of membranes. This membrane stack consists of many hundreds of membrane pairs and the final voltage is the sum of the individual voltages. A membrane pair is made up of two different membranes: an AEM (anion exchange membrane) and a CEM (cation exchange membrane) that with spacers in between, tissues with a fairly open structure through which fresh (river water) and salt (seawater) flows. The salt in the seawater wants to diffuse into the river water. In doing so, the positive Na+ ions will only be able to pass the CEM and the negative Cl-- ions will only be able to pass the AEM. Positive and negative ions thus move in opposite directions in the stack. On both extreme sides of the membrane stack are the electrodes where, via a redox reaction, the ionic current changes into an electric current.

Technology Developer
Additional Information
Device Status Is the device actively being developed or is available for purchase (active)? Or has development or support ended (inactive)?
Active
Power Take-Off Mechanism that converts the motion of the prime mover into a useful form of energy such as electricity, learn more
Salinity Membrane
Surface Expression
True
Estimated TRL Estimated Technology Readiness Level scale from 1 to 9 with 9 being the most mature technology
TRL Last updated: 20 September 2023
6
Energy Resource
  • Salinity Gradient
Water Column Position
Water Column Summary
Last Modified
2 July 2025

Projects Using RED-Stack Blue Energy

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“RED-Stack Blue Energy.” Marine Energy Projects Database: Devices, PRIMRE, United States Department of Energy, https:https://openei.org/wiki/PRIMRE/Databases/Projects_Database/Devices/RED-Stack_Blue_Energy. Accessed <day> <monthRoman> <year>.
Marine Energy Projects Database: Devices. <year>. "RED-Stack Blue Energy." Accessed <monthRoman> <day>, <year>. https:https://openei.org/wiki/PRIMRE/Databases/Projects_Database/Devices/RED-Stack_Blue_Energy.